阅读部分
1. Early Butan Society
2.Vascular plant储存和摄入水
3.全球变暖
4.third field system
5.英国农业发展
6.冰川世纪动物灭绝
7.swallow-tailed gull运用DMV方法去捕食，在赤道附近的热带小岛上，还提到了new moon对捕食的影响
8.文字的起源，讲了苏美尔人在不同种类的材料上，用符号表达意思的发展
听力部分
C 1
学生想要采访天文学教授完成人物传记的作业任务，教授很高兴，但近期没有空闲时间，学生害怕错过截止时间，教授和学生商量先把录音内容上交，后续再和负责人物传记的老师沟通时间问题
C 2
学生和历史教授的对话
L 1
考古学方法的演变和实验考古学的应用（实验论证古代技术的可操作性）。
L 2
细菌相关
L 3
鸦科鸟类制造工具
L 4
罗马的私人建筑
口语部分
卷一
/Task 1/
是否同意：会演讲是做领导最重要的品质?
/Task 2/
First-Year Room Change Requests
(学生觉得大一新生应该被允许requestaroom change;因为1-可能室友不match；2-也可以收取一部分费用)
/Task 3/
Proiect Premortem(项目预评估)
定义：
项目预评估是一种提前识别和预防计划潜在风险的策略，企业通过设想计划失败的未来情景，提前采取措施避免这些风险，从而提高计划成功的可能性。
(Unlike a postmortem, which would happen after the fact, aproject premertem attempts to determine beforehand what could leadto the failure of the project.Lecture:Business(商业)
/Task 4/
adaptations for understory plants to survive under low lightconditions(在低光照条件下，林下植物生存的两种适应方式)
Adaptation 1：
一些林下植物通过比大多数其他植物更早开花来适应这一环境。
卷二
/Task 1/
是否同意:教小学生要比教大学生简单?
/Task 2/
Housing Office Announces Changein Policy
(住房办公室将停止允许新生与高年级学生共同住宿的现行做法。)
/Task 3/
Brood Parasites(寄生育雏者)
定义：
寄生育雏者是指那些不孵化自己卵的动物，"它们会把卵产在其他动物的巢中，由这些宿主动物照顾自己的幼崽。(T)Lecture:Biology(生物学)
例子：
the catfish& cichlid(鲇鱼和丽鱼)Cichlid在水中产卵，然后将卵聚集到它那异常大的嘴里，直到孵化出来。这样可以保护卵不被其他鱼吃掉。
/Task 4/
types of selling costs(两种销售成本)
Type 1：
分销成本--公司将产品分销或交付给消费者的费用。由于产品通常与实际销售地点距离较远，它们需要被运送到客户购买的地点。当然，公司必须支付运送费用，这些费用必须包含在产品的价格中。
例子：
a car company s 一家生产汽车并在世界各地销售的公司，必须支付将这些汽车运送到其他国家的费用。这些运送费用就是公司的分销成本的一部分
写作部分
卷一综合写作
阅读：
herbicide不是导致evergreen tree死亡的原因
1.environmental safe（有tests证明）
2.uneven environmental pattern
3.other causes（higher-than-average temperature和droughts）
听力反驳
herbicide确实是evergreen tree死亡的原因
1.这个test只测试了herbicide对于animals（dogs/cats）的影响，没有测试关于evergreen trees
2.这个uneven environmental pattern是符合herbicide的运作规律的
（herbicide dissolve in water-flow downstream-collect in lower areas）所以会影响到下游的evergreen trees，但是elevated areas的trees remain healthy
3.heat会导致old trees 变brown，但是这儿是new trees 变brown，所以并不是other causes导致
卷一学术讨论
Doctor Achebe
This week, we'll be discussing the future of education. Let's focus now on the following viewpoint: it is no longer useful to spend many years pursuing a traditional, specialized university degree in a single field, such as communications or economics. Instead, it makes more sense for most people to complete several shorter certification programs and earn certificates in, for example, project management, computer programming, graphic design, and so on. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint? Why?
Kelly
I strongly support this approach because it aligns with the changing preferences of many individuals in the modern world who often wish to switch majors or career paths. Embracing certification programs allows people to explore and pursue the fields they are passionate about without the commitment of lengthy degree programs.
Andrew
University education is a superior choice due to its comprehensive and specialized nature. While certification programs offer quick training, universities provide a more in-depth understanding of a subject. They encourage critical thinking, research skills and a broader knowledge base. University degrees often lead to higher earning potential and career opportunities.
卷二综合写作
阅读说小学生没必要上音乐课，三个点：
1.浪费时间 2. 贵 3.对将来没用。
听力一一反驳
1. 学音乐对学语言课和数学课有帮助，这里面有相似之处
2. 找退休老教师当志愿者教音乐，不花钱，而且可以租乐器，不要买，好多代的学生都可以用同样的乐器
3. 虽然对找工作没帮助，但是对人生的有趣和音乐欣赏有帮助
卷二学术讨论
Doctor Achebe
As countries work to reduce emissions and protect the environment, many governments are encouraging the adoption of electric vehicles through new policies. This week we will discuss ideas for policies that could promote electric vehicle usage. In your post, I would like you to address this question: What policies should the government implement to promote electric vehicles for environmental protection?
Claire
More charging stations are key to getting people to buy electric cars. It's frustrating when you can't charge your car. The government should offer big tax credits to businesses to build charging stations. If charging spots are everywhere, range anxiety will go away and electric car sales will take off. We need that to help the Earth.
Paul
The government needs to create entire highways just for electric cars. These special roads could have charging stations along the way so range anxiety disappears. Exclusive electric highways would show electric cars are the transportation of the future. We'd see tons more Teslas on the road helping clear the air.
卷三综合写作
在Rhone river 的河底，考古学家发现了一个bust（就是一种头部雕塑），人们认为这个bust是Julius Caesar的。有几个理由：
阅读：
1. style of the sculpture: 头像的艺术风格正好是Caesar的那个年代的，叫“realist style”
2. resemblance to Caesar’s other portraits : Caesar年代的silver coin上有他的头像，和考古发现的这个bust非常相似，特别是头发
3. location of the bust found: Caesar后来被推翻，所以民众不敢在新的国王统治下还保留Caesar的头像，所以就扔河里了，很说得通。
听力反驳：
1. realism又不是在Julius Caesar的时代才有，在Julius Caesar死后还持续了很久，可能bust是其他人的作品
2. 仅仅是与coin上hair一样，bust的鼻子却和coin上的不同，要是出自同一人，all features should be consistent with each other
3. 被人扔在河边也不是因为政治因素，只是单纯的废品。人们不可能很早就埋好了这个半身像，为了显示自己对Julius Caesar的崇敬。
卷三学术讨论
Doctor Gupta
We have read studies that explain the negative impact of social media on both children and adults. Many believe that social media will remain widely used in the future, since it is both popular and useful in some contexts, but because of the problems it poses, it should be regulated in some way. In your opinion, should governments regulate social media platforms, or should social media companies regulate their platforms themselves? Why do you think so?
Andrew
I believe social media companies should regulate themselves. There are plenty of social media platforms on the market, so the competition is tough. For example, to appeal to parents, a social media platform could publicize that they have stringent regulations for children's use of the platform, and in this way it could attract more users who care about children's safety.
Claire
Social media companies should be taking an active role in combatting the negative effects, but that is not really happening. I hear many stories of false information spreading around, sometimes causing irreparable damage to people's reputations. Therefore, the government should put stricter regulations on the companies, and they should be punished for not following the rules.
以上回忆可能存在偏差
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